Charging mechanism for coke ovens



Feb; 23, 1932. J. VAN ACKEREN CHARGING MECHANISM FOR COKE OVENS Filed Jan. 5. 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet INVENTOR Joseph raflflckere/z Feb. 23, 1932. J. VAN ACKEREN CHARGING MECHANISM FOR COKE OVENS Filed Jan. 5. 192'? 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR J05g0fiz a/74ckere Z A TO EY Patented Feb. 23, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE JOSEPH VAN ACKEREN, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE K01?- PERS COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA CHARGING MECHANISM FOR COKE OVENS Application filed January 5, 1927. Serial No. 159,026.

My invention relates to coking retort ovens and it has particular relation to charging means therefor that is adapted to prevent the discharge of smoke from the charging openings of the ovens.

One object of my invention is to provide improved means for charging coke ovens that shall permit the free passage of smoke and gases of distillation around the material being discharged into the oven whereby the smoke and gases may flow into a single ofi'take opening.

In the operation of charging coke ovens of the horizontal type that are provided with a single olitake opening and with one or more charging openings, it may occur that the passage of gases and smoke along the top of the oven is obstructed by the column of coal adjacent to the charging openings before the charge has been levelled. In such cases, considerable pressure is developed by the trapped gases and the latter, together with considerable smoke, may escape through the charging openings and thus constitute a nuisance in the operation of coke ovens.

It has been proposed heretofore to provide sleeves wh ich extend into the charging open ings for the purpose of insuring the free passage of gases through the oven during the charging operation. Such sleeves have been in alinement with the openings of the hoppers of the lorry car and have been withdrawn into the hoppers when not in use. The result has been that the sleeves were at a relatively high temperature when the hoppers were filled with fresh coal which carbonized on the surfaces of the sleeves which made it rather diificult to operate the sleeves.

In accordance with my invention, the sleeves may be located on the lorry car in such positions that they do not come in contact with the coal in the hoppers until the coal is discharged into the ovens. Accordingly, the exterior surfaces of the sleeves do not come in contact with coal and the moving coal does not adhere when it comes in contact with their interior surfaces during the charging operation.

Reference may now be had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a view, partially in section and 7 partially in elevation, of a coke oven battery and associated apparatus; and

Fig. 2 is a similar view, taken at right angles to thatof Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view,partially in elevation and partially in section, of the sleeve. A coke oven battery 1 may comprise any suitable number of coking chambers 2, one of which appears in Fig. 1, and portions of three of which appear in Fig. 2. Each coking chamber 2 is provided with an oven top 3, in which are located two charging openings 4. The oven top and a portion of the side wall 5 are cut away at 6 to enlarge the lower portion of each of the charging openings 4:.

The oven is also provided, on the cokeside, with a door 7, and, on the pusher side, with a door 8 and a levelling door 9, through which the charge may be levelled by means of the" levelling bar 10, only a portion of the latter being shown in dotted lines; The coking chamber 2 is provided with an oflc'take opening 11 and an ascension pipe 12 that is suitably connected to a collecting main 13. The top of the battery is provided with rails 14:, on which operates a lorry car 15 having two hoppers 16 for charging the coking chamber 2 through the corresponding openings 4. Each hopper 16 is provided with an extensible sleeve 17 that telescopes with the lower portion of the hopper. Each sleeve 17 is controlled by a lever 18 that is connected thereto by suitable link-and-lever mechanism 19. Mounted on the lorry car 15 and spaced from the hoppers 16 are mechanisms for carrying and operating sleeves 21 for the respective charging openings 4. Each sleeve 21, which is preferably of cast iron or other suitable material, is of smaller diameter than the charging opening, but is provided at its top portion with a flange 22 for supporting the sleeve when it is in operative position, as illustrated in thedrawings. Each sleeve 21 is provided also with suitable means, such, for example, as a cross-bar 23, for engagement by the operating means to raise and lower the sleeve into its respective positions. The operating mechanism for each of the sleeves21 comprises a; chain 25, or other suitable flexible member having a hook 26, for engaging the cross-bar 23, and a segmental sheave wheel 27 having a crank arm 28 that is connected by a suitable link mechanism 29 to the crank arm 30 of a motor 31. The sheave wheels 27 and the. connected mechanism comprising the chain 25 are illustrated in full lines in Fig. 1. The sleeves 21, when carried on the lorry car, occupy corresponding positions indicated by dot-and-dash lines in Fig. 2. s

In the operation of the charging mechanism comprising the lorrycar 15 and the sleeves 21, the lorry car 15, with its hoppers 16 filled with coal, is first brought to a position corresponding to that shown in Fig. 2, with the sleeves 21 directly above the charging openings 4 of the oven to be charged. The usual covers for the charging-openings are removed. The motors 31 are then operated to actuate the sheave wheels 27 in -opposite directions to their lowermost positions to lower the sleeves 21 into operative positions in I the contour shown in Fig. 1, the coal beneath the charging openings 4, with the flanges 22.

resting on the top of the oven. The hooks 26 are then disengaged and the operating mechanism withdrawn to the positions illustrated in Fig.1.

The lorry car is -next moved into such position that the sleeves 17 are directly over the charging openings 4. The extensible "sleeves 17 are then lowered into position by means of the lever 18 and the mechanis1n19 inorder to provide a continuous passage from the hoppers 16 into the sleeves 21 and thereby prevent spillage. The gates of the hop-;

pers are then opened and coal is allowed to discharge into the ovens through the sleeves 21. v

When the hoppers are substantially discharged and before thecharge is levelled, the upper surface of the coal has substantially each of the openings forming a pile of substantially cone shape, with the apex at the lower end of the sleeve 21; It will be noted, however, that no coal engages the top of the oven and that the spaces cutaway around thesleeve 21 are free forthe passage of gases and smoke.

When the coal is first admitted to the coking chamber with its extremely hot walls, a relatively great volume o fsmoke and gases are quickly produced-and, unless some special vmeans were provided, the gases would be trapped in the closed end of the oven andbe- I tween the charging openings by the descending charges of coal through the charging 'openings4. This condition would ordinarily cause the gases to be forced out the one or the other of the charging openings under considerable pressure or the pressure of the gases would force them through the obstructingpdrtionsofthecharge. The-result would be to cause the escape of considerablesmoke out of operative position.

r not trapped during the intermediate portion of the charging operation but traverse the entire length of the oven freely and without obstruction around the sleeves 21 to the ofitake opening 10. When the coal ceases to flow by gravity alone, the leveller bar 8 is reciprocated through the oven to level the coal and the additional coal that occupies the sleeves 21. and possibly the lower portions of the hopper continues to flow until the oven is 30 entirely charged.

- WVhen the charge is levelled, the relative positions of the sleeves and the surf-ace of the coal are substantially as shown in Fig. 2. As soon as the hoppers 16 are discharged, the 35 sleeves 17 are raised and the lorry car is again moved to the position shown in Fig. 2. The hooks 26 are lowered to engage the crosspieces 23 of the sleeves 21 and the latter are raised to their normal positions on the lorry g car. The charging openings are covered and the lorry car is returned to be refilled with coal for the succeeding charge of the next oven on the schedule.

The provision of the sleeves for use im1 charging insures that the gases of distillation --and-smoke may traverse the oven freely duringthe charging period without the building up of dangerous pressures and without" the loss of smoke and gases into the atmospherec: The location of the sleeves on the lorry car spaced from the hoppers 1 6 insures that the coal in thehoppers does not contact with the hot sleeves when the hoppers are filled.

I claim as my invention: 52 1. In a coke oven, the combination with a cokin-g'chamber having in the top thereof a of the corresponding opening when in operative position in said opening, a lorry car having hoppers for filling said chamber through-.

said sleeves, movable memberscarried by said lorry car offset from said hoppers and having flexible means for detachable connection to said sleeves for moving the latter into and 1 0 2. In a coke oven, the combination with a coking chamber having in the top thereof a plurality of charging openings spaced from the ends of'the'coking chamber and from each other and a single gas *ofl'take opening, of {3125 sleeve for each of said charging openings that is spaced fromat least a portion of the sides of the corresponding opening when in operative position in said opening, a lorry car having hoppers for filling said chamber through" said sleeves, flexible means carried by said lorry car and offset from said hoppers for carrying said sleeves and moving them vertically into and out of said openings.

3. In a coke oven, the combination with a coking chamber having in the top thereof a charging opening spaced from the ends of the coking chamber and a gas ofitake opening, of a lorry car having a container for charging said coking chamber and a sleeve for said charging opening that is detached from said container and that is spaced from the sides of said charging opening when in operative position in said opening.

4. In a coke oven, the combination with a coking chamber having in the top thereof a charging opening spaced from the ends of the coking chamber and a gas ofitake opening, of a sleeve for said charging opening that is spaced from the sides thereof when in operative position in said opening, a lorry car having a container for filling said coking chamber, means for carrying said sleeve in a position ofiset from said container and a power device for operating said carrying means to move said sleeve into and out of said charging openin 5. In a coke oven, the combination with a coking chamber having in the top thereof a charging opening spaced from the ends of the coking chamber and a gas oiftake opening, of a sleeve for said charging opening that is spaced from at least a portion of the sides of the opening when in operative position in said opening, a lorry car for filling said chamber through said sleeve, means carried by said car for carrying said sleeves and operable to move said sleeve into and out of said openings.

6. In a coke oven, the combination with a coking chamber having in the top thereof a plurality of charging openings spaced from the ends of the coking chamber and from each other and a single gas ofi'take opening, of a sleeve for each of said charging openings that is spaced from at least a portion of the sides of the corresponding opening when in operative position in said opening, a lorry car for filling said chamber through said sleeves, means for carrying said sleeves on said car and for moving said sleeves into and out of operative position in said openings.

7. In a coke oven, the combination with a coking chamber having in the top thereof a plurality of charging openings spaced from the ends of the coking chamber and from each other and a single gas ofitake opening, of a sleeve for each of said charging openings that is spaced from the periphery thereof when positioned therein, a lorry car for filling said chamber through said sleeves, a movable member for carrying each of said sleeves and power-operated means for actuating said movable members to lower and raise said JOSEPH VAN ACKEREN. 

